Communication comes naturally to everyone but effective communication takes a little effort. Here are some simple ways to ensure that you and your learner communicate clearly.
Speak slowly. The listener may only understand a few words, or may need to translate.
Speak clearly. Some listeners do not hear final consonants (e.g. “d”, “t”) at the ends of words, and miscommunication may result. For example, there is a big difference between “I will send the letter” (implying it will be done soon), and “I sent the letter” (implying it already happened).
Repeat and paraphrase patiently. Learners may need to hear the information more than once to understand it completely.
Keep your vocabulary and sentences direct and simple. It is easier for learners to understand several shorter sentences than one long one, particularly if they are in the early stages of learning English.
Allow time for a response. Processing and mentally translating take time.
Acknowledge and support your learner’s efforts to communicate. Support can be given verbally (“Yes, I see,” “uh huh,” “oh”), and nonverbally (nod, smile, lean forward).
Check for comprehension frequently. Ask questions to make sure your learner has understood; ask your learner to restate the important pieces of information you’ve given.
Avoid the use of metaphors, jargon, or popular sayings. Unless your learners are high level and these literary elements are part of your language lesson, many will get confused.
Whenever possible, use visuals, diagrams, pictures, etc.... Linking verbal and visual clues will assist the learner’s understanding of what’s being said.
Use examples to illustrate your point. Specific examples will help to increase understanding of the larger issue or point.
Write down key information points. Having important information (e.g. dates, times, addresses) written down for students will reinforce critical information, and give learners an additional point of reference.
Keep an open mind about people, and resist stereotyping. A favourite expression among ESL teachers is “assume nothing.” Check your own perceptions and ideas by communicating with your learner.
Be patient. Patience and following the points identified above will produce rewarding results.